By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 5 March 2021

On 19 April 2007, seven months after the Islamic State (IS) movement declared its “State”, the official spokesman, Muharib al-Jaburi, announced the first “cabinet” for this “state”, appointing leaders for various “ministries”. Unusually for IS in this era, the speech was delivered as a video address—albeit (as can be seen) with Muharib’s face blurred out—rather than as an audio address. The reason for this was clearly to push back against the criticism of the IS movement that its leader could not be the “caliph” of all the Muslims, which at this stage IS was not overtly claiming, while being faceless and nameless, known only by his kunya.

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