Tag Archives: Roman Empire

The Nature of Pre-Revolutionary Russian Imperialism

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 29 August 2024

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The Letter of Mara bar Serapion: Implications for the Historical Jesus and Christianity’s Triumph

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 19 April 2023

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The Ideology of Nazism

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 7 April 2023

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A Note on the Ancient Greek Understanding of Beauty

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 4 April 2023

The ancient Greek assumption that physical and moral worth were inherently connected can be seen in the term “kalos”. The word is often translated into English as “beautiful”, which is literally correct but misleading in so far as it implies the word relates solely to visual aesthetics; such an understanding is too narrow and anachronistically imposes divisions between categories that the Greeks did not regard as separate. “Kalos” is better translated as “handsome” and “noble”: it was a term for things “socially sanctioned as excellent”, and axiomatically encompassed a judgment on form and spirit.

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Islamic State Spokesman Announces a New Global Campaign

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 2 May 2022

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Dating the Gospels

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 19 June 2021

The dates that the four canonical Gospels of the New Testament were composed has a great impact for Christians, of course, but also for historians, particularly on the matter of whether Jesus ever existed, and really for everybody living in the civilisation this religion has built. Continue reading

When Did the “Roman” Empire Become the “Byzantine” Empire?

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 12 June 2021

A painting representing the Byzantines use of “Greek fire” to repel the Arab siege of Constantinople, 674-78

The use of the word “Byzantium” for the Eastern Roman Empire is inescapable, though it is best thought of as a term of convenience rather than definition. For one thing, the inhabitants never called themselves “Byzantines”: they always thought of themselves as “Romans”, though using the Greek work “Romaioi”. The easiest way to see the problem is to ask: When did the Byzantine Empire begin? Continue reading

How Many Christians Were There in the Roman Empire?

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 11 June 2021

The numbers on the growth of Christianity in the Roman Empire are very uncertain, but there are enough data points to hazard a reasonable estimate. Continue reading

Islamic State Comments on the Gaza War and Escalates in Afghanistan

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 22 May 2021

Al-Naba 287, page three

The last two issues of Al-Naba, the weekly newsletter of the Islamic State (IS), had a number of interesting items, most obviously finally breaking its silence on the latest flare-up between Israel and HAMAS. Continue reading

The Impact of Plague: From Antiquity to the Present

By Kyle Orton (@KyleWOrton) on 21 March 2021

Almost exactly a year ago, the British government announced the first lockdown to counter the effects of the coronavirus pandemic, and around the same time such measures were adopted in almost every other country. With Britain having now vaccinated nearly half the country, including all of the most vulnerable, and Prime Minister Boris Johnson having set out a timetable for the lifting of restrictions, it is possible to think of the post-COVID 19 situation and to wonder about how or if it will be different to what came before. Continue reading